Madelyn M. Castete
Student
Email: madelyn.castete-18@cpu.edu.ph
Note: This guide was created as one of the requirements for the LIS subject, Information Literacy.
Citing and referencing sources is how you acknowledge the articles, books and other resources that you used when creating your academic work.
In- text citations show which source you are referring to, and at the end of your work a Reference List gives the full details of the sources so your reader can find it again.
A primary source is anything that gives you direct evidence about the people, events, or phenomena that you are researching. Primary sources will usually be the main objects of your analysis.
History
Art and literature
Communication and social studies
Law and politics
Sciences​
A secondary source is anything that describes, interprets, evaluates, or analyzes information from primary sources. Common examples include:
Primary Sources
Secondary Sources
According to the Merriam-Webster online dictionary, to "plagiarize" means:
In other words, plagiarism is an act of fraud. It involves both stealing someone else's work and lying about it afterward.
Paraphrasing means rephrasing a piece of text in your own words. Paraphrasing without citation is the most common type of plagiarism.
Paraphrasing itself is not plagiarism so long as you properly cite your sources. However, paraphrasing becomes plagiarism when you read a source and then rewrite its key points as if they were your own ideas.
You commit verbatim plagiarism when you directly copy text from a source and paste it into your own document without attribution. If the structure and the majority of the words are the same as in the original, then it is verbatim plagiarism, even if you delete or change a couple of words here and there.
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If you want to use an author’s exact words, you need to quote the original source by putting the copied text in quotation marks and including an in-text citation.
Having academic integrity is important for several reasons. First, having academic integrity means that others can trust you. The people with whom you deal know that they can rely on you to act honestly and to do what you say you will do. When people know that you believe in doing the right thing, and that your behavior is consistent with that belief, they trust you.
Second, having academic integrity is important because it provides value to your degree. Employers prefer to hire graduates whom they believe to have high personal integrity. They would rather invest in developing the human capital of someone who will be a positive influence on the organization and on someone whom they can trust to carry out the company’s mission.
Finally, having academic integrity is important because it can offer you peace of mind knowing that you believe in doing the right thing, and always try to act consistently with those beliefs. Acting with integrity can reduce a lot of unnecessary stress in your life, making you happier, healthier, and more productive.
The University and wider academic community is built on shared values and norms of behaviour, including honesty, fairness and responsibility. Academic integrity means putting those values into practise by being honest in the academic work you do at university, being fair to others, and taking responsibility for learning, and following the conventions of scholarship. It is the University's responsibility to award credit for honestly conducted work, and it is your responsibility to ensure that you demonstrate academic integrity by: